Field Description
b Converts a numeric argument to binary.
c Converts a numeric argument (character code) to a character.
d Converts a numeric argument to a decimal number.
Same as i.
e Converts a floating-point argument into exponential notation using one digit before the decimal point.
Defaults to six fractional digits.
E Same as e, but uses E in result.
f Converts a numeric argument to a floating-point number.
Defaults to six fractional digits.
Precision determines the number of fractional digits.
g Converts a numeric argument to a floating point number using the exponential form
G Same as g,
Uses E in result.
i Converts a numeric argument to a decimal number.
o Converts a numeric argument to octal.
p Outputs a printable version of the argument, with special characters escaped.
s Substitutes an argument as a string.
u Treats argument as an unsigned decimal.
Negative integers are displayed as a 32-bit two's complement plus one for the underlying architecture (for example, 2**32+n).
x Converts a numeric argument to hexadecimal with lowercase letters a through f.
Negative numbers are displayed with two leading periods, indicating an infinite string of leading ffs.
X Same as x, but uses uppercase letters A through F in the result.
Negative numbers are displayed with two leading periods, indicating an infinite string of leading FFs.